Activity profile Between Winners and Losers Silat Olahraga in Men Class A 28th Sea Games Singapore 2015

ABSTRACT

This review is to discover the movement that the individual utilized and how much of the time they utilized it in 2015 SEA Games in Singapore silat olahraga rivalry that came about contrasts amongst winners and losers in men’s class A. the initial step is by taking a recording video examination of Men’s class A Malaysia versus Thailand quarter-final, Indonesia versus Philippines semi-final, Indonesia versus Singapore quarter-final, and Indonesia versus Vietnam final. The source of match videos were found from Youtube. By watching these videos, the matches has been used to notated and analysed in this study. This analysis focuses on all action including others, which are all action categorized each of these indicators into hit target, hit elsewhere, and miss opponent. The terms, silat olahraga is a fundamental essential of saving in rivalry. Silat also describe the martial arts forms practiced thought the the Malay Archipelago. The purpose of the current study was to describe the detailed activity that occurs during the fight time of a silat bout.

A descriptive analysis was used to determine the difference performance between the winner and loser in silat matches and all the data will be notate the mean and standard deviation. The data about the nature of the activity performed within fight periods can be combined with the analysis done by previous study to provide detailed description of the demands of the sport and assist in the development of specific training programs.

INTRODUCTION

Silat is a collective word of indigenous martial art from a southern Asia encompassing Nusantara. Silat can be known as a form of martial art practiced throughout the Malay Archipelago. Silat is the Malay art of combat fighting art. Silat can be divided into two categories which are Silat Martial Arts and Sports. Philippines had adjust the sport martial arts (Shafie, 2014). For the real attack in silat, the athlete must have a perfect technique and prepared a well tactical to get a point by not wasting the energy and hitting the hit target Other than that, this martial art has very dangerous counter attack and the defensive system is very proper. Furthermore, the athlete body movements needed to be control to save the energy and make an effective attack

Thus, this silat sport is very unique because it’s conducted by the rule. It has a basic command which is referee also known as wasit will guide each matches, to see the athlete attacks the specific target area to earn point. Silat Sports, the pesilat learn special attacks, tactic and defensive techniques to reflect the opponent movement either attacking or defending, the athlete movement needs to be faster than opponent but in a limited move because the miss opponent attack will waste the athlete energy (Shapie, Mohamed, Nizam, Oliver, O'donoghue, & Tong, 2013).

MATERIALS AND METHOD

The data will be analysed based on the video matches Pencak Silat Tanding 28^th SEA Games Singapore Men’s class A 45 – 50kg

1)Malaysia versus Thailand quarter-final

2) Indonesia versus Singapore quarter-final

3) Philipines versus Indonesia semifinal

4) Indonesia versus Vietnam final

The source of match videos were found from Youtube. By watching these videos, the matches has been used to notated and analysed in this study. This analysis focuses on all action including others, which are all action categorized each of these indicators into hit target, hit elsewhere, and miss opponent (Kadir, Nadzalan, Yusof, Aiman, & Shapie, 2014).

Punch:

The punch attack is striking blow to the fist. In silat, punching had been used to fight the opponent. Most of pesilat used a straight punch rather than uppercut punch because straight punch is the easiest way to earn point from exponent (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Topple:

There are many variety of toppling down the opponent. Athlete can punch, kick, strike or used scissors technique to make the exponent falling to the ground (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Kick:

The kick is an attacking movement that which is performed with one leg or two legs simultaneously. There is many type of kicking such as axe kick, scissor kick, and butterfly kick but basically pesilat used a push kick and side kick because this kick is the basic technique to earn point (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Block:

The blocking movements begin with the posture position ‘sikap pasang’: the exponent stands straight with his hands around his body or close to his chest. Blocking or parrying ‘tangkisan’ can be done using arms, elbows and legs with the purpose to block off or striking back at any attack (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013)

Sweep:

Swiping ‘sapuan’ involves attacking an opponent’s leg which is on the ground to unstabilise him and bring down to the ground. A silat exponent can perform this attacking movement either with his right or left leg, Hence, front sweep ‘sapuan depan’ is done by swinging the leg to the front to push an opponent’s front leg, while back sweep ‘sapuan belakang’ is carried out by swinging the leg backward to hit the back leg (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Dodge:

The evade ‘elakan’ technique is carried out by silat exponent when he tries to evade an attack. This technique does not require the silat exponent to touch the opponent in fending off the attack. They are many ways of carrying out his defensive movement such as dodging ‘gelek’, retreat ‘mundur’, evasion to the side ‘elak sisi’, bending ‘elak serung’, jumping ‘lonjak’, ducking ‘susup’ and etc (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013)

Self-release:

Self-release ‘lepas tangkapan’ technique is a technique to unlock any clinch or catch from an opponent (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Fake Kick:

An action which a silat exponent intends to confuse the opponent using a fake kick to break his opponent defensive posture (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

Others:

Both silat exponents are either in posture position ‘sikap pasang’ or coming close to each other using silat step pattern ‘pola langkah’. All the activities are considered high intensity except for others which at that time both silat exponents are in low intensity periods (Shapie, Mohamed et al., 2013).

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

The remark generated data will be regularity counted, and every round of data will be composed to be analyse. All the raw data collected from the all matches use the (SPSS) Statistical package social science system that produce by (Shapie, Mnm, Oliver, O’donoghue, & Tong, 2008) . A descriptive analysis was used to determine the difference performance between the winner and loser in silat matches and all the data will be notate the mean and standard deviation.

RESULT

          The result has been showed in the table below which is all action that have been analysed. There have three outcomes based on the observation from the video matches, which are hit elsewhere, hit target and miss opponent. All these matches had won by Malaysia athlete.

Table 1.0: Men’s Quarter-Final Class A 45 – 50kg Malaysia versus Thailand

Action	Hit Target		Hit Elsewhere		Miss Opponent		Total
	WINNER	LOSER	WINNER	LOSER	WINNER	LOSER	Winner	Loser
Block & Punch
Block & Kick	1						1
Block & Sweep
Block	2	3					2	3
Kick	9	4	4	5	4	2	17	11
Fake Kick
Punch	6	5	2	3	3	2	11	10
Fake Punch
Topple	2	3	2	2	2	2	6	7
Catch	8	3	2	2	1		11	5
Dodge	6	5		1			6	5
Sweep	3		2	2	3	2	8	4
Self-Release	4	7	1		2		7	7
Total	40	30	13	15	15	8	68	53

Table 1.1 : Malaysia vs Thailand (Mas Win)

Exponent	Punch	Kick	Topple	Sweep	Total
Winner(R)	11	17	6	8	42
Loser(B)	10	11	7	4	32
Total	21	28	13	12	74

Table 2.0: Indonesia vs Philippines  Semi-final

Actions	Outcome
	Hit target		Hit elsewhere		Miss opponent		Total
	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner
Block		1	1			2	1	3
Block and Kick
Block and Punch
Block and Sweep
Kick	6	11	10	3	4	3	20	17
Fake kick		1						1
Punch	5	3	4		2		9	3
Fake punch	2
Self-release
Topple		3						3
Sweep	2	6		3	7	1	9	10
Catch		5		4				9
Dodge		2	1				1	2
Others
Total	15	32	16	10	13	6	48	44

Table 2.1 : Indonesia vs Philippines (Indonesia Win)

Exponent	Punch	Kick	Topple	Sweep	Total
Winner	3	17	3	10	33
Loser	9	20	0	9	38
Total	12	37	3	19	71

Table 3.0: INDONESIA VS VIETNAM ( MEN’S 50KG CLASS A) FINAL

Action	Hit Target		Hit Elsewhere		Miss Target		Total
	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner
Block	1					1	1	1
Block and kick
Block and punch
Block and sweep
Kick	4	4	3	6	1		8	10
Fake Kick	3	2					3	2
Punch				1				1
Fake Punch	2	1					2	1
Self-release	1	2			2	3	3	5
Toople	1	1				1	1	2
Sweep	4	4	5	9		3	9	16
Catch		5	3	1			3	6
Dodge	7	1	3	1	1		11	2
Others
Total	23	20	14	18	4	8	41	46

Table 3.1 : Indonesia vs Vietnam (Men;s Class A) ( Vietnam Win)

Exponent	Punch	Kick	Sweep	Topple	Total
LOSER		8	9	1	18
WINNER	1	10	16	2	29
Total	1	18	25	3	47

Table 4.0: INDONESIA VS SINGAPORE (MEN’S 50KG CLASS A)

Action	Hit Target		Hit Elsewhere		Miss Opponent		Total
	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser	Winner	Loser
Block & Punch
Block & Kick
Block & Sweep
Block						7		7
Kick	18	14	3	6	2		23	20
Fake Kick			1	2			1	2
Punch	8	9		5	3	3	11	17
Fake Punch
Topple	3	2			4		7	2
Catch	5			4			5	4
Dodge	2			1			2	1
Sweep	2	1	1		9	4	12	5
Self-Release
Total	38	26	4	18	18	14	61	58

Table 4.1 :INDONESIA VS SINGAPORE (MEN’S 50KG CLASS A) (INA WIN)

EXPONENT	PUNCH	KICK	SWEEP	TOPPLE	TOTAL
INDONESIA	11	23	12	7	53
SINGAPORE	17	20	5	2	44
TOTAL	27	43	17	9	97

DISCUSSION

         

 Final match category men’s class A had won by Vietnam. Basically Vietnam athlete not using much energy compares to opponent because based on the notation we can see that Vietnam athlete not making an unnecessary move. Vietnam athlete is very good in tactical because based on the notation shown that all the tactical is same from all categories. Vietnam athlete only wait for the opportunity and when they got a chance, athlete use the chance to attack to hit target and make sure the attack will get the point either from all the action the exponent. The data shown that Vietnam hit target is more than exponent. This 4 matches can describe that all the opponent is making more action like kicking and punching but all the attacking that made by opponent is wasted because they just attack without any plan and because of that the opponent get hit elsewhere or miss opponent.

            Furthermore, the data shown that Vietnam athletes use all the technique perfectly and make the exponent falling down to the ground by using the correct technique and not make a simple mistake that can lead to opponent earning the point. Vietnam athlete is more aggressive in term of attacking compare to the exponent. Based on the notation, we can see that Vietnam athlete had a top performance in term of technical and tactical compared to the opponent. All silat athletes had an equal level of confident, technical and tactical is more important in order to ensure the success. All these matches can describe that tactical is the main factor to ensure the victory because it’s doesn’t show that “the more you attack will make you get more point”. Athletes needs to plan and use the tactical to earn point. That is the main factor that Vietnam won the matches.

CONCLUSION

The conclusion of this study showed that the winner and loser is based on kicking hit target, punching hit target and topple hit target. This analyze has showed that the technique and tactical is the main factor for the athlete to earn the point and win the matches. All the attacking and defending technique need to be plan correctly depends on the opponent situation in order to make sure the athlete can save energy when attacking the opponent but used the limited movement and get the effective point.  Pesilat need to improve their fitness level to enhance their performance level. This study is to analyze the correct technique and methods used by Vietnam athlete. Athlete will get a better result by reducing a mistake and improving the technical can increase the performance of the athlete.

RECOMMENDATION

As researcher knows that silat is one of the toughest martial art in the world because this combat sport requires both skill related fitness and health related fitness. Athletes need to have a balance strength because this combat sport consist upper and lower limb coordination. Thus, cardiovascular endurance of the athlete need to be well develop because this match consist of 5 matches overall but athlete had rest between sets. Besides, the technique that used in silat is also important such as in defends, blocking and self-release. Other than that, in attacking, kicking, punching and topple down. The technique need to be perfect to ensure that we can earn points and win the match.

APPENDICES

Table 5.0: Mas vs Thai Quarter-final Men’s Class A

Group	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
Mas	3	7.11	3.516	.874
Thai	3	6.4	3.323	.911

Table 6.0: Indonesia and Philippines Semi-final Men’s Class A

Group	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
INA	3	16.0000	14.00000	8.08290
PHI	3	14.6667	1.52753	.88192

Table 7.0: Indonesia vs Vietnam Final Men’s Class A

Group	N	Mean	Std. Deviation
INDO	3	13.666	3.8222
VIET	3	15.333	2.4015

Table 8.0: Indonesia vs Singapore Quarter-final Men’s Class A

Group	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
INA	3	20.0000	17.08801	9.86577
SING	3	19.3333	6.11010	3.52767

REFERENCES

Kadir, Z. A., Nadzalan, A. M., Yusof, S. M., Aiman, S., & Shapie, M. N. M. (2014). Single-versus three-set resistance training on strength and power among untrained men. Paper presented at the Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Sports Science, Exercise, Engineering and Technology 2014 (ICoSSEET 2014).

Shafie, M. N. (2014). Fitness characteristics of youth silat performers. Malaysian Journal of Sport Science and Recreation, 10(1), 40-53.

Shapie, M., Nizam, M., Oliver, J., O'donoghue, P., & Tong, R. (2013). Activity profile during action time in national silat competition. Journal of Combat Sports & Martial Arts, 4(1).

Shapie, M., Oliver, J., O’donoghue, P., & Tong, R. (2008). Distribution of fight and break time in international silat competition [in:] a. Hokelmann, m. Brummond. Performance Analysis of Sport VIII, 667-672.

Singapore, S. (Producer). (Jun 11, 2015a). Pencak silat tanding category a ina vs singapore quarter-final 28th sea games singapore 2015. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdKHSsMioug&t=33s

Singapore, S. (Producer). (Jun 11, 2015b). Pencak silat tanding category men's class a malaysia vs thailand sea games 2015 quarter-final. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6eruVei7Pdg&t=371s

Singapore, S. (Producer). (Jun 12, 2015). Pencak silat tanding men's class a semi-final phi vs ina (day 8) 28th sea games singapore 2015 Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s5JphsM7YiU

Singapore, S. (Producer). (Jun 13, 2015). Pencak silat tanding category men's a final ina vs vie 28th sea games singapore 2015. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TogWi7jsKcU

(Singapore, Jun 11, 2015a, Jun 11, 2015b, Jun 12, 2015, Jun 13, 2015)